Sensor ya NTC ni iki?

Sensor ya NTC ni iki?

Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe imikorere nogukoresha ubushyuhe bwa NTC, tugomba kubanza kumenya icyo NTC thermistor aricyo.
Uburyo ubushyuhe bwa NTC bukora bwasobanuwe gusa
Imiyoboro ishyushye cyangwa imiyoboro ishyushye ni anti-electronique hamwe nubushyuhe bubi (NTC kubugufi). Niba umuyaga unyuze mubice, kurwanya kwabo kugabanuka hamwe nubushyuhe bwiyongera. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bugabanutse (urugero nko kwibiza kwibiza), ibice, kurundi ruhande, bigira ingaruka zo kongera imbaraga. Kubera iyi myitwarire idasanzwe, abahanga bavuga kandi ko NTC irwanya nka Thermistor ya NTC.

Kurwanya amashanyarazi bigabanuka iyo electron zigenda
Kurwanya NTC bigizwe nibikoresho bya semiconductor, ubwikorezi bwabwo buri hagati yuw'amashanyarazi nabatwara amashanyarazi. Niba ibice bishyushye, electron zirekura kuri atome ya latike. Basiga umwanya wabo muburyo no gutwara amashanyarazi neza cyane. Igisubizo: Hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwiyongera, thermistors itwara amashanyarazi neza - kurwanya amashanyarazi bigabanuka. Ibigize bikoreshwa, mubindi, nkubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, ariko kubwibi bigomba guhuzwa nisoko ya voltage na ammeter.

Gukora nibiranga imiyoboro ishyushye n'imbeho
Kurwanya NTC birashobora kwitwara nabi cyane, cyangwa mubice bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Imyitwarire yihariye ahanini iterwa no gukora ibice. Muri ubu buryo, abayikora bahuza igipimo cyo kuvanga oxyde cyangwa doping ya oxyde yicyuma mubihe byifuzwa. Ariko imiterere yibigize irashobora kandi guterwa nuburyo bwo gukora ubwabwo. Kurugero, binyuze muri ogisijeni mu kirere cyo kurasa cyangwa igipimo cyo gukonjesha kugiti cya buri kintu.

Ibikoresho bitandukanye kubirwanya NTC
Ibikoresho byiza bya semiconductor, ibice bya semiconductor cyangwa metallic alloys bikoreshwa kugirango barebe ko thermistors yerekana imyitwarire iranga. Ubusanzwe ubusanzwe bugizwe na oxyde yicyuma (ibice byibyuma na ogisijeni) ya manganese, nikel, cobalt, fer, umuringa cyangwa titanium. Ibikoresho bivangwa nibintu bihuza, bikanda kandi byacumuye. Ababikora bashyushya ibikoresho bibisi munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi kuburyo ibihangano byakazi bifuza kurema.

Ibiranga ibintu biranga thermistor ukireba
Kurwanya NTC iraboneka kuva kuri ohm imwe kugeza megohms 100. Ibigize birashobora gukoreshwa kuva kuri 60 kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 200 kandi ukagera ku kwihanganira 0.1 kugeza 20%. Mugihe cyo guhitamo thermistor, ibipimo bitandukanye bigomba kwitabwaho. Kimwe mubyingenzi nukurwanya izina. Yerekana agaciro ko guhangana nubushyuhe bwatanzwe (mubisanzwe dogere selisiyusi 25) kandi burangwa numurwa mukuru R hamwe nubushyuhe. Kurugero, R25 kubiciro byo kurwanya kuri dogere selisiyusi 25. Imyitwarire yihariye kubushyuhe butandukanye nayo irakenewe. Ibi birashobora gusobanurwa nimbonerahamwe, formulaire cyangwa ibishushanyo kandi bigomba guhuza rwose ibyifuzo byifuzwa. Ibindi biranga indangagaciro za NTC zirwanya kwihanganira kimwe nubushyuhe bumwe na voltage ntarengwa.

Ibice bitandukanye byo gusaba kubirwanya NTC
Kimwe na PTC irwanya, NTC irwanya nayo ikwiriye gupimwa ubushyuhe. Agaciro ko guhangana karahinduka bitewe nubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Kugirango utabeshya ibisubizo, kwishyushya bigomba kuba bike bishoboka. Ariko, kwishyushya mugihe cyimyuka irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ugabanye inrush. Kuberako résistoriste ya NTC ikonje nyuma yo gufungura ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, kuburyo akantu gato gusa gatemba mbere. Nyuma yigihe runaka ikora, thermistor irashyuha, kurwanya amashanyarazi bigabanuka nibindi bitemba. Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bigera kubikorwa byuzuye muri ubu buryo hamwe no gutinda igihe runaka.

Kurwanya NTC ikora amashanyarazi nabi cyane mubushyuhe buke. Niba ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bwiyongereye, kurwanya ibyo bita ubushyuhe bishyushye bigabanuka ku buryo bugaragara. Imyitwarire idasanzwe yibice bya semiconductor irashobora gukoreshwa cyane cyane mugupima ubushyuhe, kugirango inrush igabanuke cyangwa mugutinza ibintu bitandukanye